Basil is one of the most widely grown herbs in the world.
This aromatic herb is generally associated with Italian cooking, so it often comes as quite a surprise to learn that basil actually originated in India, Pakistan and Thailand! Basil has myriad uses and is almost always included in standard herb gardens because it’s simple to grow and looks lovely gracing kitchen window sills or hanging baskets.
There are more than 12 varieties of basil that are used in kitchens around the world. Sweet basil and its close relative, Genoa basil, are the most common types. Both of these are slightly sweet and spicy, and complement ripe tomatoes and soft, ripe cheese perfectly. Other varieties of basil include the aptly named lemon basil, cinnamon basil, and Persian anise basil.
Caring for and Harvesting Basil
If given long hours of hot sunlight and plenty of water, home grown basil plants will produce a plentiful crop of fragrant leaves all summer long. To encourage growth, cut back basil regularly. Since basil grows so freely, it often needs to be stored or preserved. Try pureeing the leaves with a bit of water or oil and portioning this mixture into ice cube trays. When the cubes are solidly frozen, remove from trays and store in plastic baggies in the freezer.
Basil leaves can also be preserved by layering in a jar, lightly salting, covering with virgin olive oil and sealing. This concoction will keep for up to six months in the fridge. Fresh basil leaves can also be dried, but they will lose some of their flavour. Hang fresh basil upside down, or dry it in an open paper bag. Crushed, dried basil will keep for up to three months in sealed spice jars.
Preparation
The flavour of basil is warm, resinous and clove-like. Its flowers and leaves are best used fresh and uncooked, or added during the last few moments of preparing a dish. Basil is one of the main ingredients in pesto, which also includes olive oil and ground pine nuts. Fresh or dried basil is used in Chinese cooking to flavour soups and stir-fries. The herb is also sometimes combined with fruit, such as raspberries or strawberries, to create unique jams and sauces. And, of course, no Italian pasta sauce would be complete without the addition of fresh basil leaves.
When cooking with fresh basil, fully unleash its flavour by “bruising” the leaves slightly before adding to a recipe. This can be achieved by placing the leaves in a plastic bag and lightly running a rolling pin or tin can over them.
Try basil today with these 100-mile recipes:
Written by Marissa Ponikowski. Article reprinted courtesy of Food Network Canada.
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